The fine penalty and the perpetuation of punishment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18283307Keywords:
extinction of punishment, economic insufficiency, criminal enforcement, social reintegrationAbstract
This editorial analyzes the enforcement of fines in the Brazilian criminal justice system as a mechanism for extending punitive control beyond prison. Based on jurisprudential and legislative developments, especially the successive revisions of Theme 931 of the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) and the decisions of the Federal Supreme Court (STF), it demonstrates how fines have come to operate, in practice, as a condition for the extinction of punishment, disregarding the structural insufficiency of the prison population. The social, legal, and economic impacts of default are evident, with emphasis on criminal selectivity and obstacles to social reintegration. Finally, it is argued that the presumption of insufficiency constitutes a minimum requirement of rationality, proportionality, and humanity in criminal justice.
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BRASIL. Lei nº 13.964, De 24 de dezembro de 2019. Aperfeiçoa a legislação penal e processual penal. Brasília: Presidência da República, 2019. Disponível em: https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2019-2022/2019/lei/l13964.htm. Acesso em: 18 jan. 2026.
FERRARINI, Luigi Giuseppe Barbieri. Recomendações para o reconhecimento da hipossuficiência em casos de pena de multa: resultados de uma análise jurisprudencial. São Paulo: Instituto Pro Bono, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17901825
SISTEMA NACIONAL DE INFORMAÇÕES PENAIS. Levantamento de informações penitenciárias: 18º ciclo. Período de janeiro a junho de 2025. Brasília: Senappen, 2025. Disponível em: https://www.gov.br/senappen/pt-br/servicos/sisdepen/relatorios/relatorios-de-informacoes-penitenciarias/relatorio-do-1o-semestrede-2025.pdf. Acesso em: 18 jan. 2026.
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